Beyond Infinity

  I. Introduction Brief overview of Operation Cactus Operation Cactus was a military intervention by the Indian Armed Forces in the Maldives in 1988. The operation was carried out to protect the Maldives government from a coup d'état led by a group of Maldivian militants who had received support from outside the country. The coup was led by a group of Maldivian nationals who had received training from mercenaries and soldiers from other countries. The coup leaders, led by Abdullah Luthufi, overthrew the then President of the Maldives, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, and declared themselves the new rulers of the country. The situation in the Maldives quickly deteriorated, with reports of violence, looting, and widespread panic. President Gayoom requested assistance from India, and Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi immediately ordered the Indian military to intervene. The operation was carried out by the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force, with a total of 1,600 personnel involved in the mission....

  I. Introduction A. Explanation of Operation Dost Operation Dost is a joint military operation conducted by the Indian Army and Turkish Armed Forces. The operation was carried out to neutralize the threat posed by the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) and its affiliated groups in the northern region of Iraq. The PKK, a separatist group, has been engaged in a protracted conflict with the Turkish government, and its presence in Iraq has been a major security concern for both Turkey and India. The operation was planned in response to the increasing activity of the PKK in the mountainous regions of northern Iraq, where it had set up training camps and bases. The group was using these bases to launch attacks against Turkish forces and engage in cross-border smuggling of weapons and other illicit goods. The Indian Army, which has been battling separatist movements in Jammu and Kashmir for several decades, had developed a range of counter-insurgency tactics and strategies. These were deploy...